Class 4 English Grammar Lessons NCERT Syllabus pdf (2025)

In the Session 2024-2025, dive into Class 4 English Grammar Lessons that follow the NCERT syllabus and NEP 2020. Our Grammar Book is easy to understand and helps you learn important language rules. You can access it as a PDF, making it easy to use for your studies.

Whether you’re a student wanting to improve your grammar or a teacher looking for good resources, our Class 4 English Grammar Lessons with NCERT Syllabus PDF is a great help. Use our Grammar Book, Worksheets, and Examples to learn English grammar well. And we have resources for classes 1 to 6 too, so your grammar journey will be covered from the start.

(2024-2025) English Grammar Lessons for Class 4 

The following English Grammar Lessons for Class 4 provide foundational knowledge and skills, fostering a solid linguistic understanding for young learners.

1. Noun
2. Countable and Uncountable Nouns
3. Gender
4. Pronouns
5. Adjectives
6. Articles 
7. Possessive Adjectives
8. Order of Adjectives
9. Degrees of Adjectives
10. The Simple Present Tense
11. The Present Continuous Tense
12. The Simple Past Tense
13. Future Time & Tense
14. Adverbs
15. Prepositions
16. Conjunctions
17. Subject Verb Agreement
18. Subject and Predicate
19. Do as Directed
20. Punctuation Marks

Class 4 English Grammar NCERT Syllabus pdf

The Class 4 English Grammar NCERT Syllabus PDF offers a structured and comprehensive resource for students, aligning seamlessly with the curriculum. This digital document is a valuable aid, providing a clear pathway for learners to master essential grammar concepts at the Class 4 level.

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Class 4 English Grammar Book

The Class 4 English Grammar Lessons with Book offers essential lessons, examples, and exercises, providing a solid foundation for language development. Let’s discover Class 4 English Grammar Lessons with syllabus and worksheets for Class 4 English Grammar Book.

1.  Noun: Class 4 English Grammar Lessons

“Noun is a naming word”. A noun is used to denote the name of something by a word whatever we see, touch, or feel.

Examples:

(a) Amartya is a good boy.

(b) The dog is a faithful animal.

(c) The army reached there in time.

(d) Iron is a very useful metal.

(e) Kindness is a great virtue.

In the above sentences, Amartya (name of a person), animal (name of a group of animals), army (name of a group of people), Iron (name of a thing or substance), and kindness (name of a group) stand for Noun.

2. Countable and Uncountable Nouns

Countable nouns, as we already know, are those that we can count. They can be both singular and plural.

Nouns that indicate more than one thing, person, animal, place, or idea are called plural nouns. Usually, plural nouns are formed by adding the endings -s, -es, or -ies. These are called regular plurals.

●Cat – cats (ending -s)

● Wish  – wishes (ending -es)

●Story – stories (ending -ies)

1. Most nouns form plurals with -s.

●Cup – cups

● Fan –  Fans

● Cat – cats

3. Gender

Masculine and feminine

We can classify nouns that refer to people or animals as masculine (male) or feminine (female).

.

Common and neuter gender

There are certain nouns that we can use for both males and females. They belong to the common gender.

● parent

● child

● pupil 

● baby

● neighbour

● student

Non-living things are said to belong to the neuter gender. They are neither male nor female.

● book

● table

● desk

● river

● city

● tree

4. Pronouns: Class 4 English Grammar Lessons

A pronoun is used in place of a noun.

●My name is Zara. Í am ten years old.

●Ronit likes to play. He likes to play football.

●Shreya plays the violin. She plays the violin very well.

●Let me carry the bag. It looks very heavy.

●Sara likes mangoes. Mother gave her a mango yesterday.

●Varun and I often play together. We play in the park.

We use a pronoun so that we do not have to keep repeating the noun.

Personal pronouns

I, he, she, it, they, we, and you are all pronouns. Me, her, him, them, and us are also pronouns. They are all personal pronouns.

1. Personal pronouns refer to people or things already mentioned.

2. They show

a. the first person (the speaker),

b. the second person (the person being spoken to), or

c. the third person (the person being spoken about).

3. If the personal pronoun is the subject of the sentence, we say it is a subject pronoun. If the personal pronoun is the object of the sentence, we say it is an object pronoun. Subject pronouns go before the verb. Object pronouns go after the verb.

●You are late. (subject pronoun)

● I can see you. (object pronoun)

5. Articles 

As we know, there are three articles in English-a, an and the. A and an are indefinite articles while the is a definite article.

The: English Articles in Grammar

We use the before both singular and plural nouns to talk about something definite or specific.

1. when we talk about something, in particular,

●the bag that I like

●the shop at the corner

●the rivers in the country

2. when a noun is mentioned a second time

●I met a girl yesterday. The girl studies in your college.

●Roshan has borrowed my car. The car is with him.

3. when we state facts that are universal truths

●The sun rises in the east.

●The truth always comes out.

6. Adjectives

Adjectives describe nouns and pronouns. They give you more information about people, places, and things.

Examples: 

1. a tall building

2. a beautiful flower

3. an empty cup

Some adjectives tell us what people or things are like by describing their quality. Other adjectives describe quantity or how much there is of something.

Examples: 

1. an old man (quality)

2. a happy family (quality)

3. a naughty girl (quality)

4. some rice (quantity)

5. a little water (quantity)

We use adjectives before a noun. We can also use adjectives after a verb. 

Examples: 

1. That is a pretty doll. (before the noun ‘doll’)

2. This doll is pretty. (after the verb ‘is’)

7. Possessive Adjectives

Possessive adjectives are words that we use with nouns to say that something belongs to a person or a thing.

●This is your book.

(possessive adjective) (noun)

● I have lost my pencil.

(possessive adjective) (noun)

The following table shows us the possessive adjectives and which subject pronouns they are used for

●I have a bicycle. My bicycle is very old.

●We have a cat. Our cat is black.

●They have brought bags. Their bags are on the table.

Difference between possessive adjectives and possessive pronouns

Possessive adjectives are always placed before nouns, while possessive pronouns are never placed before nouns.

●This toy is mine. (possessive pronoun)

●This is my toy. (possessive adjective)

Note: 

The possessive adjective its is different from it’s (the short form of ‘it is’).

●The cat wants its food.

●It’s time for dinner.

8. Order of Adjectives: Class 4 English Grammar Lessons

Adjectives describe nouns and pronouns. They give you more information about people, places, and things.

● a tall building

●a beautiful flower

●an empty cup

Some adjectives tell us what people or things are like by describing their quality. Other adjectives describe quantity or how much there is of something.

●an old man (quality)

●a happy family (quality)

●a naughty girl  (quality)

●some rice (quantity)

●a little water (quantity)

We use adjectives before a noun. We can also use adjectives after a verb.

●That is a pretty doll. (before the noun ‘doll’)

●This doll is pretty. (after the verb ‘is’)

9. Degrees of Adjectives

We know that adjectives are words that describe nouns or pronouns.

●a tall tree

●a happy baby

●an important person

Tall, happy, and important are all adjectives.

When we wish to compare things with the help of adjectives, we use degrees of comparison. There are three degrees of comparison – the positive degree, the comparative degree, and the superlative degree.

10. The Simple Present Tense: Class 4 English Grammar Lessons

We use the simple present tense in the following cases..

1. We use the simple present tense to talk about habits.

●Sarabjit swims every Saturday.

2. We use the simple present tense to talk about things we do regularly.

●I get up at 7:30 every morning.

3. We use the simple present tense to talk about facts and permanent situations.

●My aunt runs her own business. She lives in Lucknow.

4. We use the simple present tense to talk about things we like or do not like.

●I like mangoes.

●Priya doesn’t like ripe guavas.

5. We use the simple present tense to talk about things that are always true.

●The sun rises in the East and sets in the West.

●Water boils at 100 degrees centigrade.

6. We also use the simple present tense to talk about timetabled events that will happen at a particular time in the future.

●The bus leaves at 4:30 p.m.

●Grandfather leaves for Dehradun next Saturday.

Forms

To form the simple present tense, we add -s or -es to the base verb for singular nouns and pronouns he, she and it.

● Simran paints well.

● Ravi goes to school.

● She paints.

● He goes to school.

For plural nouns and pronouns you, we, they or I, we use the base form of the verb.

● We like cartoons.

● We go by bus.

● They walk to school.

● You write neatly.

● My sisters play football.

● I play football.

11. The Present Continuous Tense: Class 4 English Grammar Lessons

We use the present continuous tense to talk about things happening at the time of speaking. The action continues to happen as we speak.

We form this tense with am, is, are and the -ing form of a verb.

● I am reading an interesting book.

● The baby is sleeping.

● We are playing cricket.

● My sister is watching a film.

To form negatives, we use not with the -ing form of the verb.

● We are not playing cricket.

● The baby is not sleeping.

To form questions, we use a wh-question word.

● Where are we going?

● What are you doing?

● Why are you hiding?

We can also form questions that expect the answer ‘Yes/No’ without using a wh-question word.

● Are you feeling better?

● Is Grandpa sleeping?

We also use the present continuous tense to talk about something we have planned for the future.

● We are flying to Delhi next week.

● We are playing our first match next Saturday.

● Prakash is leaving tomorrow morning,

12. The Simple Past Tense: Class 4 English Grammar Lessons

We use the simple past tense to talk about the things that happened in the past and are now over.

● Ali was the captain of the football team last year.

● The thieves were arrested by the police.

● I helped my father in the kitchen yesterday.

● Lisa listened to her new CD last night.

Forming the simple past tense of the link verb ‘be’

1. We use was with singular nouns and pronouns he, she and it.

●My mother was angry with me.

●He was in the market.

●The cat was hurt. It was in pain.

2. We use were with plural nouns and the pronouns you, we and they.

●The children were in the park.

●You were ill last week.

Regular verbs

We form the past tense of regular verbs by adding -d or -ed to the base verb.

Adding-ed to the base verb

help – helped

listen – listened

play –  played

talk  –  talked

walk –  walked

Adding -d to the base verb

save – saved

close – closed

dance – danced

13. Future Time & Tense: Class 4 English Grammar Lessons

We refer to future time to predict or talk about an action that will happen in the future. We also refer to future time to express intention or make promises.

It will be cold in the mountains. You must take a sweater with you.

I will go to the bakery after I finish playing.

My grandparents will visit us next month.

I will start exercising from tomorrow.

Reema will help you with your project.

We shall overcome these difficult times.

Future Time: Will and shall

We use will + base form of the verb to show future time.

He will meet me in the evening.

Nupur will buy the fruits tomorrow.

We use will not/won’t + base form of the verb to make negatives.

He will not meet me in the evening.

Nupur will not buy the fruits and vegetables tomorrow.

For questions, in the first person pronouns (I and we), we use shall more commonly than will. For all other nouns and pronouns, we use will. Will/ shall may be used for different functions:

Shall I come with you? (= offer)

Shall we leave now? (= suggestion)

Will you come with me? (= invitation/ asking for information)

Will Nupur buy the fruits? (= asking for information)

14. Adverbs: Class 4 English Grammar Lessons

Adverbs are words that modify or describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, providing information about how, when, where, or to what degree an action or quality occurs. 

They often answer questions like “how,” “when,” “where,” and “to what extent.” Adverbs are categorized:

1. Adverbs of manner: They spoke softly.
2. Adverbs of place: Romit is here.
3. Adverbs of time: Sara will come later.
4. Adverbs of frequency: The patient has to exercise daily.
5. Adverbs of direction: The thief ran away in the dark.
6. Adverbs of degree: I almost missed my flight.

Adverbs in English Examples

Adverbs tell us more about the verbs. We use adverbs to describe how we

do something or how something happens. They tell us how, where and

when an action takes place.

• Rajni is waiting outside. (Where is Rajni waiting? outside)

• Romit is here. (Where is Romit? here)

• Rekha writes neatly. (How does Rekha write? neatly)

• Shreya walks slowly. (How does Shreya walk? slowly)

• They have arrived early. (When did they arrive? early)

• We are going for the film tomorrow. (When are we going for the film? tomorrow)

15. Prepositions: Class 4 English Grammar Lessons

Prepositions are words that show the relationship between a noun (or pronoun) and other words in a sentence. In Class 4 English, students encounter four different types of prepositions. They indicate location, direction, time, or relationships. Here are some examples:

1. Simple Preposition: The cat is on the mat.
2. Compound Preposition: She is playing in front of the house.
3. Phrasal Preposition: They went for a walk because of the nice weather.
4. Double Preposition: The ball rolled between the trees and over the hill.

Understanding and using these prepositions helps provide more details and clarity in sentences.

Prepositions in English Definition Examples

Prepositions show the relationship between two things in a sentence.

Examples: 

1. The keys are on the kitchen counter.
2. The cat jumped over the fence.
3. We will have the meeting at the conference room.
4. She found her lost ring under the bed.
5. The children played in the park all day.

Types of Prepositions in English

Prepositions can be of different types.

Prepositions of place

We use prepositions of place or prepositions of position to say where

things are. Examples are under, behind, in front of, on the left/right of,

opposite, near, next to, between and above.

1. The kitten is sleeping under the car.
2. The mouse is in front of the box.
3. Joe is hiding behind Lekha.
4. Zora is sitting between Rahul and Soumya.

Use of IN

We use in for enclosed spaces.

1. The shoes are in the box.
2. He is in that room.
3. We are playing in a park.
4. We live in India.

Use of ON

We use on for flat horizontal or vertical surfaces.

1. The mirror is on the wall.
2. The doll is on the table.
3. They are sitting on the floor.

16. Conjunctions

conjunctions are words that join words, phrases, or sentences together. They help connect ideas and show the relationships between different parts of a sentence. Here are some common conjunctions, along with examples:

Coordinating Conjunctions:

• and: I like apples and oranges.
• but: She is tired, but she wants to finish the project.

Subordinating Conjunctions:

• because: They stayed indoors because it was raining.
• if: I will go to the park if the weather is good.

Understanding and using conjunctions is essential for creating well-structured and coherent sentences in English.

Conjunctions Rules

Conjunctions are words that connect and join different parts of sentences. They include coordinating conjunctions like “and” and “but,” as well as subordinating conjunctions such as “because” and “if.” Understanding the rules of using conjunctions helps students create well-structured and cohesive sentences.

Examples of Conjunctions

We use conjunctions to join words, groups of words or sentences. Some common conjunctions are and, but, or, so, yet, when, if and because.

17. Subject Verb Agreement

As we know, the verb in a sentence must agree with the subject in number and person. This means that singular subjects take singular verbs and plural subjects take plural verbs.

Examples: 

1. I am late.

2. You are smart!

3. Reena is already here.

4. He is sick.

5. The box is empty.

6. They are happy.

7. We are ready.

18. Subject and Predicate

A sentence has two parts-a noun part and a verb part. The noun part is called the subject and the verb part is called the predicate.

Identifying the subject of a sentence

Identifying the subject of a sentence involves recognizing the entity or person that performs the action or about whom something is stated. Here are five points to help you identify the subject, along with examples:

1. Performing the Action:

Example: The cat chased the mouse. (The cat is the subject because it is performing the action of chasing.)

2. Being Described or Modified:

Example: Tall trees lined the path. (Tall trees is the subject as they are being described in relation to the path.)

3. Receiving the Action:

Example: The book was read by Mary. (Mary is the subject as she is the one performing the action of reading, even though it’s in a passive construction.)

4. Existence or Presence:

Example: There is a rainbow in the sky. (There is the subject indicating the existence of a rainbow.)

5. Connection or Linking:

Example: The flowers in the vase are red. (The flowers is the subject as it is connected to the state of being red.)

Remember, identifying the subject is crucial for understanding the focus or main element of a sentence.

19. Do as Directed

Different types of Do As Directed Class 4 English Grammar are found in recent question papers. English Grammar questions that cover Do As Directed Class 4 English Grammar are given below.

Questions Set 1

Do as Directed

1. We had visited __________ Andamans last year. [ Fill in  the blanks with the article]

2. The police caught the thief. [ Find out the common gender]

3. Rivu and Gouri loved Bengali dishes. Rivu and Gouri enjoyed hilsa fish in mustered. [Put a pronoun instead of the underline words]

4.  Water falls down from the clouds as rain. [ Underline the neuter gender]

5.  A warm relationship quickly developed among the cousins. [ Rewrite the sentence with the similar meaning of the underlined word]

20. Punctuation Marks

Basically, Punctuation Marks for Class 4 consists of four punctuatipon marks;and they are:

1. Capital letters
2. End marks
3. Commas
4. Apostrophe

Punctuation Marks Examples

Discover the art of punctuation marks for Class 4 with our guide! Learn the usage of essential marks like commas, periods, exclamation marks, and question marks through illustrative examples, enriching your writing skills.

Capital Letters

We use capital letters at the beginning of sentences.

We begin the names of people, places, rivers, mountains, the days of the week and the months of the year with a capital letter.

Names of books, newspapers, magazines, languages, festivals and holidays also begin with a capital letter.

End Marks

End mark of a sentence is generally marked with 

1. Full Stop (.)
2. Exclamation Mark (!)
3. Question Mark (?)

1. We use a full stop (.) at the end of a sentence. 

2. We use an exclamation mark (!) at the end of words or sentences to show surprise, joy, sadness, wonder, fear, anger, etc. 

3. We use a question mark (?) at the end of a question.

Commas (,) 

We use commas (,) to separate items in a list. If the last two items in the list are joined by the word ‘and’, then we do not add a comma between those items.

Apostrophe (‘)

1. We use an apostrophe (‘) to show possession. We add an apostrophe with an s to a singular noun to show that something belongs to somebody.

1. Varsha‘s books
2. Charles‘s hat
3. my sister‘s bicycle

2. If a plural noun ends with s, we only add an apostrophe in the end to show possession. We do not add an s after the apostrophe. But if the plural noun does not end in s, then we add an s after the apostrophe.

1. the boys’ shoes = the shoes belonging to the boys
2. the girls’ jackets = the jackets belonging to the girls
3. the women‘s hats = the hats belonging to the women
4. the children‘s games = the games of the children

3. We also use an apostrophe to show the missing letters in a word. 

1. This isn‘t a good film. = This is not a good film.
2. I’m quite hungry. = I am quite hungry.
3. He‘s watering the plants. = He is watering the plants.

FAQs on Class 4 English Grammar Lessons 

What is Class 4 English grammar?

Ans: Class 4 English grammar involves teaching fundamental language rules and structures to fourth-grade students, laying the groundwork for effective communication and literacy development. This level typically covers topics such as sentence structure, parts of speech, and basic writing skills.

What are grammar topics for Grade 4?

Ans: In Grade 4 English grammar, students typically cover foundational topics such as:

Parts of Speech: Nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections.

Sentence Structure: Understanding and constructing sentences, including subjects, predicates, and punctuation.

Tenses: Introduction to past, present, and future tenses.

Punctuation: Proper use of commas, periods, question marks, and exclamation marks.

Capitalization: Rules for capitalizing proper nouns, the beginning of sentences, and other applicable cases.

Noun-Verb Agreement: Ensuring consistency between subjects and verbs in sentences.

Simple and Compound Sentences: Differentiating and constructing both simple and compound sentences.

Basic Vocabulary: Expanding vocabulary through reading and understanding the meaning and usage of words.

These topics collectively form the foundation for developing strong language and communication skills in Grade 4.

What are articles in English grammar for Class 4?

Ans: In Class 4 English grammar, articles are words that define a noun as specific or unspecific. There are two types of articles: definite and indefinite.

Definite Article: “The” is the definite article. It is used before a specific noun, indicating that the speaker or writer is referring to a particular thing or person.

Example: “I saw the movie last night.”

Indefinite Articles: “A” and “an” are indefinite articles. They are used before nonspecific nouns, implying any one of a group.

Example:

“I want a cookie.”

“She found an interesting book.”

Understanding and correctly using articles is an essential aspect of Class 4 English grammar, contributing to precise and effective communication.

What is a verb in class 4th English grammar?

Ans: In Class 4 English grammar, a verb is a word that expresses action, occurrence, or a state of being. Verbs are essential components in a sentence and often convey what the subject is doing or the condition it is in. Examples of verbs include “run,” “eat,” “play,” “is,” and “study.”

For instance:

“The cat runs quickly.”

“She is reading a book.”

Understanding verbs is crucial for students in Class 4 as they learn to construct meaningful sentences and express actions or states within their written and spoken communication.

What are the grammar lessons for Grade 4?

Ans: In Grade 4, English grammar lessons typically cover a range of fundamental topics, including:

Parts of Speech: Understanding and identifying nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections.

Sentence Structure: Learning about subjects, predicates, and constructing grammatically correct sentences.

Tenses: Introducing past, present, and future tenses of verbs.

Punctuation: Mastering the use of commas, periods, question marks, exclamation marks, and quotation marks.

Capitalization: Knowing when and how to capitalize proper nouns, the first word of a sentence, and other relevant instances.

Noun-Verb Agreement: Ensuring that subjects and verbs agree in number and gender.

Simple and Compound Sentences: Constructing and identifying different types of sentences.

Vocabulary Development: Expanding and using a diverse range of words to enhance language skills.

These lessons collectively provide Grade 4 students with a solid foundation in English grammar, fostering effective communication and writing abilities.

What is a sentence in English grammar for 4th class?

Ans: In English grammar for 4th class, a sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought or idea. A sentence typically consists of a subject (who or what the sentence is about) and a predicate (what the subject is doing or the state it is in). Learning about sentence structure helps fourth-grade students construct clear and meaningful expressions in both written and spoken communication.

Example:

“The sun shines brightly.” (Subject: The sun; Predicate: shines brightly)

Understanding how to form and structure sentences is a fundamental aspect of language development for students in the 4th grade.

How to learn English grammar syllabus?

Ans: Review Syllabus:

Understand the topics covered.

Use Resources:

Employ textbooks, online guides, and apps.

Create Plan:

Develop a structured study plan.

Active Practice:

Engage in exercises and examples.

Clarify Doubts:

Seek help when needed.

Write Regularly:

Apply grammar rules in writing.

Join Communities:

Participate in language forums.

Consistency Matters:

Maintain regular study sessions.

What are the 4 types of sentences for Class 4?

Ans: In Class 4, students typically learn about the four types of sentences:

Declarative Sentences:

Make statements or express facts.

Example: “The sun rises in the east.”

Interrogative Sentences:

Pose questions.

Example: “Did you finish your homework?”

Imperative Sentences:

Give commands or make requests.

Example: “Please close the door.”

Exclamatory Sentences:

Express strong emotions or exclamations.

Example: “What a beautiful sunset!”